Ukraine is set to become a unique operator of three of the West’s premier fighter jets, having now signed letters of intent for 100 French Rafales and 150 Swedish Saabs, all while beginning to receive F-16s from NATO. This multi-platform strategy, cemented by President Zelensky’s “historical” 10-year pact in Paris, will give Kyiv a flexible and powerful air force, though it will also create significant logistical and training challenges.
The decision to pursue the French Rafale, a highly capable multi-role jet, adds a potent new dimension to Ukraine’s arsenal. The F-16s provide a versatile and widely available backbone, while the Saab jets are known for their efficiency and ability to operate from austere airfields. The Rafale brings high-end strike and air-to-air capabilities, giving Ukrainian commanders a range of options for different missions.
This ambitious procurement strategy has been driven by the halt of US aid under the Trump administration, forcing Kyiv to diversify its suppliers and rely on European partners. France and Sweden have now stepped in to provide the bulk of Ukraine’s future air fleet, with funding sourced from EU mechanisms like the SAFE loan fund and a G7 plan to tap frozen Russian assets.
The French deal is not just about jets. It includes a vital package of eight SAMP/T ground-based air defense systems, which Zelensky lauded as “one of the greatest.” This combination of advanced ground- and air-based defenses is designed to create a comprehensive shield against Russia’s intensified air war, which has seen glide bombs and missiles devastate Ukrainian cities.
The 10-year pact with France also includes plans for new radars, drones, and joint production of interceptor drones. This signals a deep, long-term commitment from Paris to ensure Ukraine can defend itself and build a modern, technologically advanced military for the future.
Rafale, Saab, F-16: Ukraine Assembles a Diverse Trio of Western Jets
